A Review Study of Immobilized Microbial-Nanoparticles: Techniques and Biotechnology Applications

Abstract

Immobilization of microbial cells on nanomaterials opens up broad prospects in biotechnology applications including environmental pollution control and enhancement of biofuel production. Cellimmobilization contributes to improved microbial performance, protection of microbes, and further biomass degradation. Moreover, nanoparticles as biomass support are an advanced strategy in bioremediation. The nanoparticles are interesting for immobilizing microbes due to their unique physicochemical properties. This review throws some light on the recent advances in the immobilization of microbial cell techniques onto nanoparticles as a carrier where they are subsequently used as a nano-bio-stimulator in bioprocessing. The benefits and drawbacks of immobilization techniques are included.The biotechnology applications of nano-biocatalyst in bioprocessing are covered including biosorption of pollutants from wastewater and stimulants in biofuel production processes for green energy generation. The use of nano-bio-catalysts in bioprocesses is an effective strategy for achieving economic feasibility in many processes. Furthermore, future research directions for microbial cell immobilization techniques are discussed.