Anemia Classification System Using Machine Learning

Abstract

In this study, a system was developed to predict anemia using blood count data and supervised learning algorithms. Anemia, a common condition characterized by low levels of red blood cells or hemoglobin, affects oxygenation and often causes symptoms, such as fatigue and shortness of breath. The diagnosis of anemia often requires laboratory tests, which can be challenging in low-resource areas where anemia is common. We built a supervised learning approach and trained three models (Linear Discriminant Analysis, Decision Trees, and Random Forest) using an anemia dataset from a previous study by Sabatini in 2022. The Random Forest model achieved an accuracy of 99.82%, highlighting its capability to subclassify anemia types (microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic) with high precision, which is a novel advancement compared to prior studies limited to binary classification (presence/absence of anemia) of the same dataset.