Interactions between cetaceans (suborder Odontoceti) and artisanal fishing in Brazil: an ethnoecological approach

Abstract

Studies examining the relationship between humans and the natural environment are important to understand the influences, knowledge, and perceptions associated with the interactions between humans, species, and ecosystems. This study focused on the interactions between cetaceans and artisanal fishing, aiming to: a) compile studies on artisanal fishing and its interactions with small cetaceans in Brazil; b) analyse research trends over time; c) examine the geographical distribution of studies by Brazilian region; d) assess authorship and publication records; e) classify the interactions between cetaceans and artisanal fishing, as reported by researchers; and f) identify the dolphin species registered in these studies. We reviewed current national publications on the interactions between cetaceans (suborder Odontoceti) and artisanal fishing in Brazil, emphasising ethnoecological studies. Seven databases were surveyed for this study. Interactions were classified using the categorisation proposed by Freitas-Netto and adapted by Di Beneditto. Our data analysis identified 12 types of interactions, with seven conforming to Di Beneditto’s descriptions and five novel categories based on the results of this study. The reviewed studies documented interactions for 43.2% (n=16) of the 37 odontocete species reported in Brazil, with particular emphasis on Sotalia guianensis, Tursiops truncatus, Pontoporia blainvillei, Inia geoffrensis, and Sotalia fluviatilis. Our findings demonstrate that ethnoecological research can provide important insights into species occurrence and fishing dynamics. Furthermore, we advocate the advancement of research exploring the interrelations between cetaceans and traditional fishing methodologies, as such studies can generate critical data to devise mitigation strategies and manage species and ecosystems.