A variety of clinical presentations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Introduction: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is characterized by eosinophilic granulomatous vasculitis. Typical symptoms include late-onset bronchial asthma and blood and tissue eosinophilia. In addition to these characteristic symptoms, EGPA can affect important organs such as the skin, kidneys, heart, sinuses, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system. Given the variability of the clinical presentation, EGPA is challenging to diagnose. Furthermore, EGPA often occurs in phases, with clinical manifestations and pathological findings varying depending on the affected anatomic site and stage of disease. Material and methods: The authors reviewed the SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and PubMed medical databases to prepare an overview of the clinical manifestations and diagnosis for EGPA. Results: This comprehensive review examines the current knowledge on the clinical course of EGPA, diagnostic options and prognostic factors. Conclusions: We highlight the diverse organ involvement observed in EGPA, particularly in association with eosinophilic and vasculitic manifestations. Our findings underscore the importance of antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody status as a potential key factor influencing disease presentation.