Intravascular brachytherapy: A systematic review of its role in reducing restenosis after endovascular treatment in peripheral arterial disease

Abstract

Introduction: intravascular brachytherapy (IVBT) utilises the percutaneous insertion of a radioactive source to inhibit myointimal hyperplasia in arteries treated by balloon angioplasty or stenting. A systematic review was performed of trials of WET in patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Methods: search strategy - the reviewers searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases Group trials register, DARE, CCT and NHS EED for clinical studies and trials of adjuvant WET in PAD. Two reviewers assessed trial quality independently. Results: fourteen clinical trials were identified by the search, representing five clinical studies (all allocated D for not randomised) and one randomised controlled trial (allocated A). The randomised trial showed a benefit for WET compared with placebo (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.53). In the non-randomised studies, 12 month cumulative patency rates ranged from 60-87%. There were few technical complications. In the only report involving WET and routine concurrent stent insertion acute thrombosis occurred in 7 (21%) of patients. Conclusion: early reports have confirmed the safety and technical feasibility of WET. However, follow-up is too short at present to assess the durability and long-term complications of this new therapeutic option. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.