Risk Factors of Skin Diseases among School Children in South Eastern Communities in Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Skin disorders frequently seen among primary school children are common causes of morbidity. Determining the risk factors of skin diseases, will enhance a better understanding of skin health and prevent skin diseases in school children. Aim: To determine the common risk factors of skin diseases among primary school children in Umuahia South Local Government Area of Abia State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out over a 4-month period among pupils of public and private primary schools. Diagnosis of skin diseases was based on clinical findings as well as laboratory investigations where indicated. A pre-tested, self-administered, close ended questionnaire was used to ascertain the risk factors of skin diseases. Results: Eight hundred and forty-seven (847) and seven hundred and thirteen (713) subjects were recruited from public and private schools respectively. Fifty-six percent of the subjects were males. The mean age of the study participants was 8.74 ± 2.08 years. The overall prevalence of skin diseases was 40.2%. Using a multivariate logistic regression, gender, number of people per room, frequency of bathing per week and source of water were found to be significant risk factors for skin diseases. Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors and living conditions are significant risk factors of skin diseases. Standard hygienic practices by school children and their parents/ caregivers will help to reduce the high prevalence of skin diseases in our environment. Authors O Ewurum 1, C A Ibeneme 2, T O Nnaji 3, A N Ikefuna 4