Laboratory measurements of the drag force on a family of two- dimensional ice keel models in a two-layer flow

Abstract

Laboratory measurements are presented of the drag force on two-dimensional ice keel models of varying degrees of slenderness in both homogeneous and two-layer fluid systems. The results show that the two-layer stratification increases the drag dramatically over that in a corresponding homogeneous flow, reaching a maximum in the transcritical flow regime as a result of the establishment of a system of internal waves. The increase in drag was greatest for the most slender obstacle. -from Authors