Concurrent Capillary Hemangioma of Optic Disc and Pituitary Gland Cyst: A Multimodal Imaging Approach and Review of Literature

Abstract

Introduction: Coexistence of optic disc hemangioma and pituitary gland cyst is a rare clinical scenario. Usually, a retinal capillary hemangioma or juxtapapillary hemangioma is associated with VHL syndrome. This case emphasizes the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and implications for patient care. Case Presentation: We report a case of a young patient, who came for a routine eye examination and got diagnosed with optic disc hemangioma incidentally. A complete systemic workup was done to rule out VHL syndrome during which MRI brain surprisingly revealed a pituitary gland cyst. The patient was referred to a neurosurgeon and observation was recommended as he was asymptomatic. Conclusion: This case demonstrates how a good clinical examination, prompt documentation, regular follow-ups, and appropriate imaging facilitated the early diagnosis of both the optic disc capillary hemangioma and pituitary gland cyst. Consequently, this report also shows the importance of multimodal imaging in these young patients to detect these potentially life-altering conditions.