Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Scleritis After Rituximab Treatment Including B Cell Monitoring

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Abstract

Purpose: We report the long-term effect of rituximab (RTX) in scleritis and determine the value of B-cell monitoring for the prediction of relapses. Methods: We retrospectively studied 10 patients with scleritis, who were treated with RTX. Clinical characteristics were collected, and blood B-cell counts were measured before the start of RTX, and at various time points after treatment. Results: Clinical activity of scleritis decreased after RTX treatment in all patients within a median time of 8 weeks (range 3–13), and all reached remission. The median follow-up was 101 months (range 9–138). Relapses occurred in 6 out of 10 patients. All relapses, where B-cell counts were measured (11 out of 19), were heralded by returning B cells. However, B cells also returned in patients with long-term remissions. Conclusions: RTX is a promising therapeutic option for scleritis. Recurrence of B cells after initial depletion does not always predict relapse of scleritis.

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van Bilsen, K., Vergouwen, D. P. C., van Velthoven, M. E. J., Missotten, T. O. A. R., Rombach, S. M., van Zelm, M. C., … van Laar, J. A. M. (2024). Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Scleritis After Rituximab Treatment Including B Cell Monitoring. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 32(7), 1268–1273. https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2023.2229900

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