Classification of Wave Energy Converters

Abstract

Wave is one of the main sources of renewable energy in the sea, due to its great potential to be harnessed. Currently, the technology is not mature enough to be developed in an industrial way, and its levelized cost of energy (LCOE) is still too high. One of the key points for the development of this energy is the technological progress of the wave energy converters (WEC), in which great efforts are being focused. In fact, there are numerous types of WECs in different stages of development. Given the differences between them, there are several classifications based on several aspects such as the location in relation to the distance to the coast and the bathymetry, the position relative to the sea level, the size and orientation, and the energy capture principle.