Eye Posterior Segment Drug Delivery and Nanomicelles as a Drug Delivery System for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Abstract

Scientists are still looking for a way to deliver a drug to a specific part of the eye. Static barriers (the different layers of the cornea, sclera, and retina, such as the blood-aqueous and blood-retinal barriers), dynamic barriers (blood flow in the choroids and conjunctiva, lymphatic clearance, and dilution of the drug in tears), and efflux pumps make it hard to deliver a drug alone or in a dosage form, especially to the back of the eye. So, looking into new drugs and finding the best ways to get them to people is important. Nanotechnology has used different nanocarriers to find ways to deliver drugs to the eye that interact with the ocular mucosa, keep drugs in the eye longer, and make the eye more permeable. Although nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have applications in several diseases, we focus this review on recent developments of Nanomicelles, as a nanocarrier can deliver drugs to the back part of the eye, notably in the treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.