The effectiveness of a non-pharmacological intervention for weight gain management in severe mental disorders: results from a national multicentric study

  • Attux C
  • Martini L
  • Araújo C
  • et al.
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a non-pharmacological intervention for weight gain management in severe mental disorders. METHOD: An open, multicentre interventional study was conducted in 93 mental health services. Patients concerned with weight gain were included in this study and received a 12-week 1-hour group intervention focused on nutrition counseling, lifestyle, physical activity and self-esteem. Weight, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS: 1,071 patients were enrolled in the study, and 73.9% completed the 12-week intervention. Significant weight loss (Mean difference: 0.41, CI 95%: 0.18 to 0.64, p = 0.001) and a significant BMI reduction (Mean difference: 0.13, CI 95%: 0.04 to 0.22, p = 0.006) were observed. During the intervention 37 (4.4%) patients lost > 7% of their initial weight, 780 (92.5%) maintained their weight, and 26 (3.1%) of the patients had a meaningful weight gain (> 7%). There was a significant increase in the proportion of patients undertaking physical activity after the intervention (70.8%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In this 3-month open study we found a small weight and waist reduction, and increased physical activity practice, suggesting a trend towards anthropometric profile improvement. However, further randomized-controlled trials are necessary to evaluate the efficacy and clinical relevance of this psychosocial intervention for weight gain.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção não farmacológica no manejo do ganho de peso para pacientes com transtornos mentais graves. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo aberto multicêntrico longitudinal em 93 serviços de saúde. Pacientes preocupados com o peso foram incluídos e participaram de uma intervenção em grupo de uma hora de duração durante 12 semanas com foco em educação alimentar, atividade física e autoestima. Peso, circunferência da cintura e pressão arterial foram avaliados antes e após a intervenção. RESULTADOS: 1071 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, 73,9% completaram a intervenção. Foram observados diminuição de peso e índice de massa corporal significativos (peso: diferença da média: 0,41, IC 95%: 0,18-0,64, p = 0,001; índice de massa corporal: diferença da média: 0,13, IC 95%: 0,04-0,22, p = 0,006). Após a intervenção, 37 (4,4%) pacientes perderam mais que 7% do peso inicial, 780 (92,5%) mantiveram o peso e 26 (3,1%) dos pacientes apresentaram ganho de peso acima de 7%. Houve aumento da proporção de pacientes que praticavam atividade física (70,8%, p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Encontramos uma pequena redução de peso e cinturae aumento de atividade física, sugerindo uma tendência à melhora no perfil antropométrico. Ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados são necessários para avaliar a eficácia e a relevância clínica dessa intervenção.

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Attux, C., Martini, L. C., Araújo, C. M. de, Roma, A. M., Reis, A. F., & Bressan, R. A. (2011). The effectiveness of a non-pharmacological intervention for weight gain management in severe mental disorders: results from a national multicentric study. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 33(2), 117–121. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462011000200005

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