Beneficial Effect of Selenium Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Supplementation on the in vitro Development Competence of Ovine Oocytes

Abstract

Background: After the synthesis of selenium doped carbon quantum dots (Se/CDs) via a step-by-step hydrothermal synthesis method with diphenyl diselenide (DPDSe) as precursor, the beneficial effects of Se/CDs’ supplementation on the in vitro development competence of ovine oocytes were firstly investigated in this study by the assay of maturation rate, cortical granules’ (CGs) dynamics, mitochondrial activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, epigenetic modification, transcript profile, and embryonic development competence. Results: The results showed that the Se/CDs’ supplementation during the in vitro maturation (IVM) process not only enhanced the maturation rate, CGs’ dynamics, mitochondrial activity and embryonic developmental competence of ovine oocytes, but remarkably decreased the ROS production level of ovine oocytes. In addition, the expression levels of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 in the ovine oocytes were significantly up-regulated after the Se/CDs’ supplementation, in consistent with the expression levels of 5mC and 5hmC. Moreover, 2994 up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 846 repressed DEGs were found in the oocytes after the Se/ CDs’ supplementation. According to the analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), these DEGs induced by the Se/CDs’ supplementation were positively related to the progesterone mediated oocyte maturation and mitochondrial functions. And these remarkably up-regulated expression levels of DEGs related to oocyte maturation, mitochondrial function, and epigenetic modification induced by the Se/CDs’ supplementation further confirmed the beneficial effect of Se/CDs’ supplementation on the in vitro development competence of ovine oocytes. Conclusion: The Se/CDs prepared in our study significantly promoted the in vitro development competence of ovine oocytes, benefiting the extended research about the potential applications of Se/CDs in mammalian breeding technologies.