Qualitative content analysis–framing the analytical process of inductive content analysis to develop a sound study design

Abstract

Qualitative content analysis (QCA) is often used in social and health sciences. However, as there are different approaches to using QCA, it can be challenging to understand and use the method. Recent articles have described what QCA is, and how it differs from other qualitative methods, such as thematic analysis and grounded theory. This article contributes to the methodological literature by framing the analytical process of QCA within the hermeneutic paradigm, specifically, it is based on the theoretical premises of philosophical hermeneutics. Thus, the aim is to describe how to conduct an inductive QCA clarifying how the analysis is based on preunderstanding and how meaning is grounded in the context. Further, to show how results can be developed and serve as reliable explanations to the problem under study. Hence, this presentation of the method seeks to bring clarity to the methodological and philosophical premises and the use of terminology.