Development of nomograph chart for pervious concrete containing coated biomass aggregate

Abstract

Pervious concrete is an effective and unique way to overcome critical environmental issues and support green, sustainable growth. Pervious concrete refers to a non-slip porous pavement concrete, which is permeable to water. Recently, the demand for sustainable waste palm oil products for construction in Malaysia has dramatically increased. For long-term sustainable development, palm products waste can be recycled in pervious concrete production. This study on pervious geopolymer concrete (hereafter PGC) explored an alternative binder and aggregate for Portland cement (OPC) and natural aggregate (NA), while it also developed a pervious concrete's compressive strength. Biomass aggregate (BA) was obtained by burning palm oil biomass. Thus, biomass aggregate (BA) is introduced as a replacement for natural aggregate (NA). In order to generate coated biomass aggregates (CBA), BA was combined with alkaline liquid (AL) and fly ash (FA) and then heated inside an oven at 80 degrees Celsius for 24 hours. PGC containing coated biomass aggregate is the most commonly used cement substitute in concrete as the industrial by-product waste. This study investigated the performance and optimised mixture design of various PGC mixtures that incorporated NA to replace BA CBA compared with OPC pervious concrete containing NA. PGC generated via CBA possessed greater compressive strength without any impact on permeability to water. Outcomes show that both CBA and BA are possible alternative aggregates for generating PGCs. As a result of this study, a nomograph chart was developed, which provided a guideline for designing PGC made by CBA and BA, and cement pervious concrete made with NA.