Evaluation of early abnormalities of the sensory retina in a hypercholesterolemia experimental model: An immunohistochemical study

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the early changes of the sensory retina induced by hypercholesterolemia in an experimental model. Methods: New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups: CG (Control Group) was fed a normal diet for 6 weeks. G1 was initially fed a 1% cholesterol diet for two weeks and from the 14th day on a 0.5% cholesterol diet until the 42nd day. The eyes underwent an immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies anti-calretinin and antiglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Results: G1 cells and cell elements presented significant immunoreactivity to anti-calretinin. No immunoreactivity to anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein was observed in both groups. Conclusion: This study has shown that a hypercholesterolemic diet may induce early changes in the sensory retina in rabbits. The anticalretinin monoclonal antibody was able to reveal calcium accumulation inside the nerve cells.