Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Telur Asin menggunakan Peta Kontrol P-Chart di UMKM HTM Jaya Brebes

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengendalian kualitas produk dengan menggunakan metode peta kontrol P-Chart di UMKM Telur Asin HTM Jaya Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Selama periode Juli 2024, diamati sebanyak 20.582 butir telur dengan total kerusakan sebanyak 1.039 butir. Alat bantu Statistical Quality Control (SQC) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi stabilitas proses produksi melalui perhitungan batas kontrol atas (UCL), bawah (LCL), serta analisis biaya kualitas. Diagram peta kontrol P menunjukkan beberapa titik di luar batas kontrol, menandakan bahwa proses produksi belum stabil sepenuhnya. Selain itu, analisis diagram tulang ikan (fishbone) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab utama kerusakan seperti kulit cangkang, kesegaran telur, waktu pengasinan, dan perebusan. Diperoleh pula perhitungan biaya kualitas aktual dan biaya kualitas optimum yang menunjukkan pentingnya keseimbangan antara biaya jaminan kualitas dan biaya pengawasan kualitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan peta kontrol P-Chart dapat menjadi alat efektif dalam meningkatkan mutu produk dan efisiensi produksi pada skala UMKM.This study aims to analyze product quality control using the P-chart control chart method at UMKM HTM Jaya Brebes, a small business that produces salted eggs in Brebes, Central Java. A total of 20,582 eggs were observed during the production process in July 2024, with a total of 1,039 defective units. The study uses Statistical Quality Control (SQC) tools such as control limits (UCL and LCL) and quality cost analysis. The P-chart was used to monitor and evaluate the proportion of defective products, identifying several points outside the control limits, indicating a lack of process stability. Additionally, fishbone diagrams were used to analyze root causes of defects such as shell damage and freshness issues. The analysis also included quality cost optimization, showing the importance of balancing quality assurance and control costs to improve product efficiency. The findings emphasize that P-chart implementation can help small industries enhance product quality and maintain consumer satisfaction.