Segmentectomy and Wedge Resection for Elderly Patients with Stage I Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Abstract

Background: Considerable controversies exist regarding the efficacies of segmentectomy and wedge resection for elderly patients with early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to solve these issues. Methods: We searched the online databases PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify eligible studies. Elderly patients were defined as ≥65 years. Early‐stage NSCLC was defined as stage I based on TNM systems. The primary endpoints were survival outcomes (overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and disease‐free survival (DFS)) and recurrence patterns. The second endpoints were perioperative morbidities. The hazard rate (HR) and odds ratio (OR) were effect sizes. Results: Six-teen cohort studies (3140 participants) and four database studies were finally included. Seg-mentectomy and lobectomy showed no significant difference in OS (cohort studies HR 1.00, p = 0.98; database studies HR 1.07, p = 0.14), CSS (HR 0.91, p = 0.85), or DFS (HR 1.04, p = 0.78) in elderly patients with stage I NSCLC. In contrast, wedge resection showed inferior OS (HR 1.28, p < 0.001), CSS (HR 1.17, p = 0.001) and DFS (HR 1.44, p = 0.042) compared to lobectomy. Segmentectomy also showed comparable local recurrence risk with lobectomy (OR 0.98, p = 0.98), while wedge resection showed increased risk (OR 5.46, p < 0.001). Furthermore, sublobar resections showed a decreased risk of 30/90‐day mortality, pneumonia, and leak complications compared to lobectomy. Conclu-sion: Segmentectomy is promising when applied to elderly patients with stage I NSCLC, while wedge resection should be limited. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate these findings.