Cáncer de tiroides

Abstract

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm, and the main cause of death by endocrine tumors. Its histological variability, its different prognosis, and the last therapeutic advances, have raised the requirement, more than ever, of multidisciplinary collaboration, in order to develop new treatment strategies. The development of new tirosin-kinase inhibitors aimed against specific targets as receptors and molecular signaling pathways, has opened new horizons for the patients. Recently, two new drugs, with approved indication, have been incorporated to therapeutic arsenal in radioiodine -refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Likewise, two other agents have also been approved in Medullary thyroid carcinoma. Along with them, a great amount of new drugs with potential efficacy have been discovered, not only in these subtypes, but also in other rare and more aggressive entities as Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. These findings are linked to the detection of molecular and genetic changes that give also prognostic and predictive information, potentially useful as biomarkers.