A qualitative exploration of the lived experiences of youth living with HIV/AIDS at Jimma University Medical Center and Jimma Health Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: In Ethiopia, young people are often underserved in HIV programs, with limited access to counseling, treatment, and care. Most research on youth and HIV has focused on epidemiology and prevention among 15–24-year-olds, while little attention has been paid to the lived experiences of youth living with HIV. Objectives: This study explored the lived experiences of youth living with HIV who receive services from Jimma Health Center and Jimma University Medical Center. Methods: A descriptive phenomenological design was employed to explore the experiences of purposively selected youth living with HIV, regardless of the mode of acquisition. Eleven participants (eight females and three males) were interviewed in-depth using a semi-structured guide. Data were managed and analyzed using Atlas.ti version 7.5.18, and trustworthiness was ensured through multiple validation procedures. Results: Participants reported receiving support from families, ART clinics, and youth clubs; however, fear of disclosure and HIV-related stigma remained major challenges. Many concealed their status due to fear of rejection and discrimination. Psychological distress, including guilt, low self-esteem, and boredom with lifelong medication, was common. Coping strategies included self-concealment, religiosity, and escape avoidance. Conclusion: Youth living with HIV face stigma, rejection, and limited support, which hinder access to healthcare and contribute to psychological suffering. Differentiated service delivery models that address the specific needs of youth in a respectful and supportive manner are recommended to strengthen the continuum of HIV care.