In vitro and in vivo activity of homeopathic drugs against bovine herpesvirus-1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1

Abstract

The goal of this work was to study an in vitro and in vivo activity of combination homeopathic remedies against the BHV-1 and BVDV-1 viruses. To do so, we determined the antiviral activity of Euphorbium compositum Nasentropfen S, Engystol, and Echinacea compositum SN in cell cultures by measuring the drop in the concentration of these viruses. The in vivo experiment was conducted in 10 seronegative calves aged 2 to 3 months. The live Trivac vaccine was administered intranasally to all calves. For 10 days, the animals received subcutaneous injections of Engystol in the study group and of normal saline in the control group. The concentration of the viruses and the duration of their excretion with nasal discharge, as well as the titres of antiviral antibodies were determined. The in vitro tests showed that all studied remedies exhibited antiviral activity to varying degrees. In the in vivo experiment, Engystol reduced the concentration of the viruses and the duration of their excretion with the calves' nasal discharge, having no effect on the production of antiviral antibodies.