Adopting augmented reality and virtual reality in medical education in resourcelimited settings: constraints and the way forward

Abstract

Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) hold immense potential to transform education by providing immersive, interactive learning experiences that may enhance student engagement and facilitate complex concept understanding. However, several barriers may hinder their widespread adoption in resource-constrained environments, especially in developing countries. These include infrastructure limitations, high costs, lack of localized content, insufficient teacher training, and sociocultural resistance to new technologies. Additionally, technological limitations, policy and institutional barriers, and equity issues further complicate the integration of AR and VR in educational systems. Hence, there is a need for a strategy to overcome them. Potential solutions may include cost-sharing models, teacher professional development, content localization, and the development of scalable, lowcost solutions. These perspectives may help the policymakers, educators, and technology developers seeking to maximize the impact of immersive technologies in global education.