The Role of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Energy Management of a Smart City

Abstract

The 2030 climate & energy framework contains three key targets for Europe: to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increase the share of renewable energy (RE) sources and promote energy efficiency. These tasks are relevant for Russia as well. As one of the frontrunners, Germany has raised its RE share target to 65% by 2030. At the same time, global energy needs are expected to increase by 30% by 2040. In this context, energy systems should not only be planned for the current supply but also be designed for a substantial increase in energy demand. To achieve these goals and avoid an energy crisis, the general idea is to shift from centralized to decentralized energy systems. Furthermore, energy sectors are currently integrated with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solutions, especially the Internet of Things (IoT), for efficient and sustainable energy management. The article analyses the role of IoT technology in existing and future energy systems according to three scales: flat, building and city.