Programas de intervención física en mujeres mayores a través del método Pilates: Una revisión sistemática (Physical intervention programs in older women trough the Pilates method: A systematic review)

Abstract

Programas de intervención física en mujeres mayores a través del método Pilates: Una revisión sistemática Physical intervention programs in older women trough the Pilates method: A systematic review Virginia Tejada Medina, Carlos Díaz Caro, Cristian González García, Pedro Jesús Ruiz Montero Universidad de Granada (España)   Resumen. La proporción de personas mayores de 60 años, ha aumentado más rápidamente que cualquier otro grupo de edad. Este hecho influye directamente sobre la salud y la capacidad funcional, siendo el género un determinante transversal del envejecimiento activo que refleja enormes desventajas sobre las mujeres mayores. El propósito de esta revisión fue conocer los programas de intervención mediante el método Pilates en mujeres mayores de 60 años, y analizar los efectos sobre las capacidades físicas y la calidad de vida. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus, a partir de los descriptores “Pilates, adultos mayores, mujeres, calidad de vida y prevención”. El proceso de selección y análisis de los artículos se realizó por parejas, de 2014 a 2019. De los 100 resultados obtenidos inicialmente, 41 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron seleccionados para la revisión. Los estudios analizados se centran principalmente en la aplicación de programas de Pilates para la mejora de la composición corporal, la fuerza muscular, la flexibilidad, el equilibrio, la prevención de caídas, la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida en mujeres mayores de 60 años. Tras el análisis, encontramos hallazgos coincidentes con la literatura nacional e internacional respecto a los beneficios de la práctica de Pilates en mujeres adultas mayores. En conclusión, el método Pilates favorece la funcionalidad de estas personas y por ende aporta una mayor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Palabras claves: método Pilates, adultos mayores, mujeres, calidad de vida, prevención.   Abstract. The proportion of people over 60 has increased more rapidly than any other age group. This fact directly influences health and functional capacity, = gender being a transversal determinant of active aging that reflects enormous disadvantages in older women. The purpose of this review was to know the intervention programs using the Pilates method in women over 60 years of age, and to analyze the effects on physical abilities and quality of life. The search was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, based on the descriptors “Pilates, older adults, women, quality of life, and prevention”. The selection and analysis of the articles was carried out in pairs, from 2014 to 2019. Of the 100 results initially obtained, 41 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for review. The analyzed studies mainly focus on the application of Pilates programs for the improvement of body composition, muscle strength, flexibility, balance, prevention of falls, functionality, and quality of life in women over 60 years of age. After the analysis, we found findings that coincide with national and international literature regarding the benefits of practicing Pilates in older women. In conclusion, the Pilates method favors the functionality of these people and therefore provides a better quality of life related to health.Abstract. The proportion of people over 60 has increased more rapidly than any other age group. This fact directly influences health and functional capacity, = gender being a transversal determinant of active aging that reflects enormous disadvantages in older women. The purpose of this review was to know the intervention programs using the Pilates method in women over 60 years of age, and to analyze the effects on physical abilities and quality of life. The search was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, based on the descriptors “Pilates, older adults, women, quality of life, and prevention”. The selection and analysis of the articles was carried out in pairs, from 2014 to 2019. Of the 100 results initially obtained, 41 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for review. The analyzed studies mainly focus on the application of Pilates programs for the improvement of body composition, muscle strength, flexibility, balance, prevention of falls, functionality, and quality of life in women over 60 years of age. After the analysis, we found findings that coincide with national and international literature regarding the benefits of practicing Pilates in older women. In conclusion, the Pilates method favors the functionality of these people and therefore provides a better quality of life related to health.Resumo. A proporção de pessoas acima de 60 anos aumentou mais rapidamente do que qualquer outra faixa etária. Esse fato influencia diretamente a saúde e a capacidade funcional, sendo o gênero um determinante transversal do envelhecimento ativo que reflete enormes desvantagens nas mulheres idosas. O objetivo desta revisão foi aprender sobre programas de intervenção usando o método Pilates em mulheres com mais de 60 anos de idade e analisar os efeitos nas habilidades físicas e na qualidade de vida. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus, utilizando os descritores "Pilates, idosos, mulheres, qualidade de vida e prevenção". O processo de seleção e análise dos artigos foi realizado em pares, de 2014 a 2019. Dos 100 resultados obtidos inicialmente, 41 preencheram os critérios de inclusão e foram selecionados para revisão. Os estudos analisados ​​concentram-se principalmente na aplicação de programas de Pilates para melhorar a composição corporal, força muscular, flexibilidade, equilíbrio, prevenção de quedas, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida em mulheres acima de 60 anos. Após a análise, foram encontrados achados coincidentes com a literatura nacional e internacional sobre os benefícios da prática de Pilates em mulheres idosas. Concluindo, o método Pilates favorece a funcionalidade dessas pessoas e, portanto, proporciona maior qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde.