Risk factors for intimate partner violence

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the risk factors for intimate partner violence. Particular attention is paid to the definition of intimate partner violence. The controversial matter of gender symmetry and asymmetry in intimate partner violence is discussed. Four patterns of violence are described: coercive controlling violence; violent resistance; situational couple violence; and separation instigated violence. Perpetrator risk factors and risk factors for being victimized are listed and they include socioeconomic status, family characteristics, history of child victimization, various personality disorders, personality characteristics, alcohol and drug abuse, and religion. The article brings discussion on the need of continuing research on partner violence that mil expand and refine our understanding of intimate partner violence.