Modeling of hotspot detection using cluster outlier analysis and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic of educational development in upper-primary level, India

Abstract

In recent years educational variability has threatened the sustainability of elementary level in Indian educational system. Systematic methodology to assess the educational development of the elementary sector to educational variability is currently not available. Towards this end, the present paper pays attention with the assessment of spatial structure of Indian educational development to elementary levels in 35 states including union territories (UTs) of all over country. For this purpose, a set of indicators was selected for each of the four components of educational development index (EDI). The data were arranged in the form of diagonal matrix and normalized them using functional relationship. Upon receiving normalized values, here researchers consider a method of unequal weights followed. The choice of the weights in this manner would ensure that large variation in any one of the indicators would not unduly dominate the contribution of the rest of the indicators and distort inter states as well as union territories (UTs) comparisons. It is well known that, in statistical comparisons, it is more efficient to compare two or more means after equalizing their variances. The principal objectives of this article to identification of Hotspot and cold-spot and delineate the spatial cluster of upper primary education level in India based on Getis-Ord Gi* statistic using fixed distance band in ArcGIS software.