Emotional Text Classification Using TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) And LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory)

Abstract

Humans in carrying out communication activities can express their feelings either verbally or non-verbally. Verbal communication can be in the form of oral or written communication. A person's feelings or emotions can usually be seen by their behavior, tone of voice, and expression. Not everyone can see emotion only through writing, whether in the form of words, sentences, or paragraphs. Therefore, a classification system is needed to help someone determine the emotions contained in a piece of writing. The novelty of this study is a development of previous research using a similar method, namely LSTM but improved on the word weighting process using the TF-IDF method as a further process of LSTM classification. The method proposed in this research is called Natural Language Processing (NLP). The purpose of this study was to compare the classification method with the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model by adding the word weighting TF-IDF (Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency) and the LinearSVC model, as well to increase accuracy in determining an emotion (sadness, anger, fear, love, joy, and surprise) contained in the text. The dataset used is 18000, which is divided into 16000 training data and 2000 test data with 6 classifications of emotion classes, namely sadness, anger, fear, love, joy, and surprise. The results of the classification accuracy of emotions using the LSTM method yielded a 97.50% accuracy while using the LinearSVC method resulted in an accuracy value of 89%.