Factors affecting the quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma (Review)

Abstract

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease that significantly affects the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Its impact extends beyond physical health, influencing psychological well‑being, socioeconomic status and access to healthcare. The present review discusses the key factors that shape asthma‑related QoL, focusing on socio‑demographic characteristics, clinical features, environmental exposures, healthcare accessibility and psychological health. Socio‑demographic factors, such as age, sex, education and place of residence play a key role in asthma management and outcomes. Clinical aspects, including disease severity, coexisting health conditions and adherence to treatment, also influence how effectively patients can control their symptoms and maintain their well‑being. Environmental triggers, such as air pollution, allergens and changing weather conditions can worsen symptoms and increase the risk of asthma attacks. Access to healthcare is another main concern, particularly in rural or underserved areas where patients often lack specialized asthma care. These gaps contribute to poorer disease management and worse outcomes. Psychological issues, particularly anxiety and depression, are also common among patients with asthma. These conditions often reduce treatment adherence and make it harder to achieve stable disease control. The present review highlights the urgent need for integrated strategies that combine clinical care, public health efforts and patient‑centred approaches. Such strategies are essential for reducing the overall burden of asthma and improve the QoL of those who are affected.