Statin use and knee osteoarthritis progression: Results from a post-hoc analysis of the SEKOIA trial

Abstract

Objective: Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that lipid disorders might be involved in the pathophysiology of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Studies assessing the effect of statins on knee OA progression have shown conflicting results. We investigated the impact of statin use on radiological progression in patients with radiological and symptomatic knee OA. Methods: In total, 336 patients from the placebo arm of SEKOIA trial completed the 3-year follow-up and were included in this post-hoc analysis. Statin use was recorded at baseline interview. Minimal medial tibiofemoral joint space was measured on plain radiographs by an automated method at baseline and then annually. Radiologic progression was defined as joint space narrowing ≥ 0.5 mm over 3 years. Results: Overall, 71 patients were statin users (21.1%). They had a higher BMI (31.1 ± 5.3 vs. 29.3 ± 5.2 kg/m2, P = 0.008), a higher sum of metabolic factors (≥ 3 factors: 43.7% vs 7.2%; P for trend < 0.001) and a higher rate of radiological progression (49.3% vs. 32.1%, P = 0.007) as compared to statin non-users. The significant association between radiological progression and statin use was independent of age, gender, WOMAC global score, disease duration, baseline joint space width, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) and cardiovascular diseases [relative risk 1.49 (95% CI: 1.10–2.02), P = 0.010]. Conclusion: Among patients with knee OA, statin use was associated with radiological worsening over 3 years, regardless of other potential confounding factors (obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, disease duration, symptom intensity and radiological severity).