Assessment of Risk Factors Associated With Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in the Western Libyan Patients

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide in both men and women. Accordingly, we retrospectively reviewed the effects of various risk factors on coronary angiographic outcomes. Data were collected from the catheter lab through Tripoli University Hospital records, whereas the team reviewed clinical data and coronary artery diagrams for 1 year from 01/04/2019 to 31/03/2020. In our study, the total number of cases was 666, 401 male and 265 female, aged between 27 and 91 years. Our analysis revealed a significantly higher incidence of CAD among male smokers under 60. Conversely, a majority of nonsmoker patients were female. The most common risk factors for women were diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) (12% and 13%, respectively). While the men share the significant effects of smoking on coronary angiography (C. Angio) findings (40.52%), most of them underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In our study, there was evidence that CAD is a prevalent disease among middle-aged populations with male gender preference. The risk factors, including diabetes, HTN, and smoking, are the most contributing factors for developing CAD in Libya.