Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of the leaf extract of Solanum pubescens willd. (Solanaceae) in Wistar albino Rats

Abstract

The present study showed that the methonolic extract of Solanum pubescens willd leaves possess Anti- ulcer in animal model. The anti-ulcer activity was evaluated against Pylorus ligated ulcers. Gastric ulcer disease is an imbalance between mucosal defense factors (bicarbonate, mucin, prostaglandin, nitric oxide, and other peptides and growth factors) and injurious factors (acid and pepsin). Oral administration of methanol extract of solanum pubescens willd at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg exhibited dose dependent inhibition percentage of 36.28% and 52.3% (p<0.001) respectively compared to the ulcer control, proving the anti-ulcer activity. The standard drug omeprazole (20mg/kg) exhibited percentage inhibition of 70% when compared with ulcer control. Extract treated and ulcer control group was compared with normal control group. Result showed a significant decrease in the ulcer development in the animal models (pylorus ligated model) used in the study. In pylorusligation, both the doses showed significantant ulcer activity by reduction in ulcer index, gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity as compared to the control group. The intensity of heamorrhage and lesions was significantly reduced upon pretreatment with the extract, revealing the protective effect of MESP. Flavonoids and tannins are the major constituents that are present in the leaves of Solanum pubescens willd which may be responsible for its Ulcer- protective and Anti- ulcer activity. Keywords: Peptic ulcer, Solanum pubescens, Wistar rats, Acute Oral toxicity, ANOVA