A small-group activity to enhance learning of cardiovascular drugs for health science students

Abstract

This small-group activity provides two cases in cardiovascular pharmacology to engage students in a medical or other health professions curriculum. The goal of this activity is to apply students' basic knowledge of physiology and pharmacology to clinical case scenarios. Students were provided with the cases 1 week in advance and were encouraged to use their lecture notes and/or other references of their choosing to answer as many of the questions as possible and prepare to discuss the answers with their classmates at the session. Facilitators were provided with detailed notes and a video that explain the answers and provide suggestions for engaging and challenging the students. For the 2021 academic year, 201 students (139 first-year medical students and 62 second-year pharmacy students) at UC San Diego participated in the small-group activity. Eighteen facilitators were recruited to lead this 110-min session. Students' performance was assessed on the final exam of their integrated cardiovascular physiology-pharmacology course. Students achieved 84% (SD 17.54) on questions related to the small-group session compared to 78% (SD 15.60) on other cardiovascular pharmacology questions not related to the activity. Student perceptions of the facilitators leading the small-group activity were very positive (average of 4.7 on a 5-point Likert Scale). Using this approach, we demonstrate that a small-group activity with clinical scenarios helps students master the pharmacology content related to cardiovascular drugs. The small-group activity included constructed response questions to foster conceptual understanding.