Hak-Hak Masyarakat Adat, Pengakuan dan Demokrasi

  • Ishak I
  • Marta A
  • Hasanuddin H
  • et al.
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Abstract

Masyarakat adat sebagai entitas negara mempunyai hak-hak konstitusional yang harus dipenuhi. Namun, eksistensi masyarakat adat dewasa ini masih termarginalisasi sehingga tidak banyak terlibat dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Berangkat dari fenomena empiris tersebut, studi ini bertujuan untuk  mendeskripsikan pengakuan hak-hak masyarakat adat dan strategi pemerintah desa dalam pelaksanaan pengakuan hak-hak masyarakat adat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sumber informasi dari pemerintah desa, tokoh adat, dan pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Kampar. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa hak-hak masyarakat adat  diakui dalam bentuk (1) memiliki hak otonom terhadap komunitas adatnya; (2) hak mengelola ulayatnya; (3) hak untuk mengembangkan dan melestarikan adat istiadatnya. Sementara itu, strategi pemerintah desa dalam pelaksanaan hak dan pengakuan masyarakat adat adalah dengan melakukan kolaborasi dengan kelembagaan adat dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dan pelaksanaan kehidupan ekonomi, sosial, politik dan kebudayaan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa proses demokratisasi telah membawa perubahan yang positif terhadap pengakuan dan perlindungan hak-hak masyarakat adat.Indigenous peoples as state entities have constitutional rights that must be fulfilled. However, the existence of indigenous peoples today is still marginalized so they are not much involved in the administration of government. Departing from this empirical phenomenon, this study aims to describe the recognition of indigenous peoples' rights and the village government's strategy in implementing the recognition of indigenous peoples' rights. This study uses a qualitative approach with sources of information from the village government, traditional leaders, and the local government of Kampar Regency. From this research, it is found that the rights of indigenous peoples are recognized in the form of (1) having autonomous rights over their customary communities; (2) the right to manage their ulayat; (3) the right to develop and preserve their customs. Meanwhile, the village government's strategy in implementing the rights and recognition of indigenous peoples is to collaborate with traditional institutions in the administration of government and the implementation of economic, social, political, and cultural life. This study concludes that the democratization process has brought positive changes to the recognition and protection of indigenous peoples' rights.

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Ishak, I., Marta, A., Hasanuddin, H., & Febrina, R. (2022). Hak-Hak Masyarakat Adat, Pengakuan dan Demokrasi. Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 21(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v21i2.375

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