The phosphoinositide-3 kinase γ-Akt pathway mediates renal tubular injury in cisplatin nephrotoxicity

Abstract

Nephrotoxicity is a frequent complication of cisplatin-based chemotherapy often limiting its use. In this study, we attempted to the role of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-γ-Akt pathway in this form of acute kidney injury. Using PI3K-γ knockout mice, we found that a conventional dose of cisplatin was more lethal in the knockout mice where the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were significantly higher in them than in wild-type mice. Phosphorylation of Akt in the renal tubules was abrogated in the knockout mice with the severity of renal dysfunction and numbers of TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated nick-end labeling)-positive renal tubule cells being higher in the knockout than in wild-type mice. Cisplatin treatment significantly increased. Caspase-3 activity, histone-associated DNA fragments, and number of annexin V-positive cells was significantly higher in cisplatin-treated primary cultured renal tubular epithelial cells of knockout mice. Transfection of dominant-active forms of Akt and PI3K-γ ameliorated apoptosis of the tubule epithelial cells derived from the knockout mice. Our results suggest that the PI3K-γ-Akt pathway lessens apoptosis and plays a critical role in the maintenance of renal function in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. © 2008 International Society of Nephrology.