A family of β7 integrins on human mucosal lymphocytes

Abstract

The heterodimeric protein complex recognized by the human mucosal lymphocyte 1 (HML-1) monoclonal antibody is expressed on 95% of intraepithelial lymphocytes but on only 1-2% of peripheral blood lymphocytes [Cerf-Bensusson, N., Jarry, A., Brousse, N., Lisowska-Grospierre, B., Guy-Grand, D. & Griscelli, C. (1987) Eur. J. Immunol. 17, 1279-1285]. We purified the smaller HML-1 subunit (105 kDa under nonreducing conditions) from hairy-cell leukemia cells and determined the N-terminal amino acid sequence of this chain. The 17 residues determined were identical to the deduced amino acid sequence encoded by an integrin β7 cDNA clone [Yuan, Q., Jiang, W.-M., Krissansen, G. W. & Watson, J. D. (1990) Int. Immunol. 2, 1097-1108]. Biochemical analysis of the larger HML-1 subunit (175 kDa under nonreducing conditions) suggested that it was a distinct member of the cleaved group of integrin α chains, which we designated αE. The β7 chain also was associated with the integrin α4 subunit, suggesting that the HML-1 antigen (αEβ7) and αE/β7 constitute a β7 integrin family on mucosal lymphocytes. Interestingly, regulation of the expression of the HML-1 antigen was reciprocal to that of lymphocyte function-associated molecule 1 in the presence of transforming growth factor β1. We suggest that these β7 integrins may play a specific role in mucosal localization or adhesion and that the expression of the HML-1 antigen might be regulated by transforming growth factor β1 produced at or near epithelial tissues.