GÉNEROS DE HONGOS NECROFÍTICOS ASOCIADOS A HOJAS DE Spartina argentinensis Parodi Y Panicum prionitis Ness en Argentina

Abstract

Spartina argentinensis and Panicum prionitis are herbaceous grasses that dominate many communitiesused for livestock production systems. High amounts of biomass accumulate in these communitieswithout being grazed by cattle due to their low digestibility. Hence, farmers often burnthese rangelands in order to stimulate higher quality regrowth. This type of biomass could be usedto produce bioethanol. As a biomass pretreatment is necessary to increase the efficiency of the hydrolysisprocess. The use of ligninolytic enzymes commonly produced by some fungi could be analternative. In this paper, the fungal genera present in both grasses from different locations and withdifferent degrees of decomposition were surveyed. According to the literature, the following isolatedfungal genera show ligninolytic capacity: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Pestalotia y Phoma. Most of them were found in both hosts. Ligninolytic enzymes could be obtained from these fungi in order to improve the efficiency of ethanol production of this kind of biomass.