The effect of depression and anger-in on affect and cardiac response

Abstract

The relationship between the rumination response, depression, and anger-in was investigated and the reflection and brooding responses were used to classify the rumination response. Participants were 44 graduate and undergraduate students who were divided into four groups (High Depression-High Anger-in, High Depression-Low Angerin, Low Depression-High Anger-in, Low Depression-Low Anger-in) on the basis of their responses to depression and anger-in scales. The results indicated the following. (1) Participants with low anger-in scores and high depression scores had larger reflection responses than participants with high scores for both depression and anger-in. (2) Reflection response had a remissive effect on depressive feelings, but the brooding responses maintained depressive feelings. (3) The reflection response was more effective for understanding depressive feelings than the brooding responses. (4) Depression negatively affected the cardiac response. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)