Processing zirconia through zircon sand smelting with NaOH as a flux

  • Yuhelda Y
  • Amalia D
  • Nugraha E
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Abstract

Zirconia had been made through smelting the zircon sand along with NaOH as a flux. The zircon sand as the smelter feed was taken from CV. Kurnia Alam Sejati mine at Palangkaraya, Middle Kalimantan. Major content of the zircon sand was 28.04% ZrO2 and SiO2 51.22% with several minor oxides such as 0.54% HfO2, 2.53% Fe2O3, 10.53% TiO2, 3.27% Al2O3 and less than 1% of alkali, alkaline earth and rare earth elements. In order to economizing the process, zircon sand upgrading was conducted prior to zirconia production. The upgrading process was conducted using several comprehensive equipments, consist of shaking table, magnetic separator and high tension separator (HTS).The upgraded sand contained 65.35% of ZrO2+HfO2 with 73.25% recovery, which was then used for smelting process at 650°C for 2 hours using NaOH as a flux. The product was then leached with water and sulphuric acid then crystallized to get precipitated zirconium hydroxide. The precipitated product was calcined at 900°C for 1 hour to get the zirconia and analyzed for its content. The zirconia content was 97.27% of ZrO2+HfO2 with 65.13% recovery. Keywords: zirconia, zircon sand, smelting, upgrading process and concentrate ABSTRAK Pembuatan zirkonia telah dilakukan dengan melebur pasir zirkon menggunakan NaOH sebagai bahan imbuh. Pasir zirkon yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku zirkonia berasal dari lokasi penambangan pasir zirkon CV. Kurnia Alam Sejati di Palangkaraya, Kalimantan Tengah, dengan kandungan ZrO2 sebesar 28,04% dan silikat (SiO2) 51,22%, serta pengotor-pengotor lainnya berupa HfO2 sebasar 0,54%, Fe2O3 sebesar 2,53%, TiO2 10,53%, Al2O3 3,27%, sedangkan pengotor alkali, alkali tanah dan logam tanah jarangnya <1%. Pasir zirkon tersebut belum ekonomis untuk menjadi bahan baku pembuatan zirkonia, maka perlu dilakukan peningkatan kadar terlebih dahulu. Proses peningkatan kadar dilakukan menggunakan serangkaian peralatan yang terdiri atas shaking table, magnetic separator dan HTS. Hasil proses peningkatan diperoleh konsentrat berkadar 65.35% (ZrO2+HfO2) dengan perolehan sebesar 73,25%. Konsentrat yang diperoleh kemudian digunakan untuk pembuatan zirkonia. Konsentrat tersebut dicampur dengan NaOH sebagai bahan imbuh, lalu dilebur pada suhu 650°C selama 2 jam. Hasil peleburan selanjutnya dilarutkan dengan air dan asam sulfat. Larutan kaya yang diperoleh dikristalisasi dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 900°C selama 1 (satu) jam untuk mendapatkan zirkonia. Hasil diperoleh adalah zirkonia berkadar 97,27% (ZrO2+HfO2) dengan perolehan sebesar 65,13%. Kata kunci: zirkonia, pasir zirkon, peleburan, peningkatan kadar dan konsentrat

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APA

Yuhelda, Y., Amalia, D., & Nugraha, E. P. (2017). Processing zirconia through zircon sand smelting with NaOH as a flux. Indonesian Mining Journal, 19(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.30556/imj.vol19.no1.2016.364

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