Long-term outcomes of group B eyes in patients with retinoblastoma treated with short-course chemoreduction: Experience from Children's Hospital Los Angeles/University of Southern California

Abstract

Background/Aims: Chemoreduction protocols for retinoblastoma vary widely across institutions. Herein, we compare a 3- versus 6-cycle chemotherapy approach for group B retinoblastoma. Methods: A nonrandomized, retrospective review of patients diagnosed with group B retinoblastoma from 1991–2011 at Children's Hospital Los Angeles was performed. A total of 72 eyes of 63 patients were analyzed. Mean follow-up time was 82 months (range 6–272 months). Main outcome measures were globe salvage and need for external beam radiation. Results: Forty-six patients (55 eyes) were treated upfront with 3 cycles of carboplatin, etoposide, and vincristine; 17 patients (17 eyes) received 6 cycles. Thirty-seven eyes (67%) in the 3-cycle group were cured with initial chemoreduction alone. An additional 10 eyes with persistent or recurrent tumors were rescued with 3 more cycles for a total salvage rate of 85% (47/55 eyes). In the 6-cycle group, 16 of 17 eyes (94%) avoided radiation and enucleation. Conclusion: The initial recurrence rate was higher for the 3-cycle group (p = 0.03). However, eyes failing short-course chemoreduction were rescued with 3 additional cycles and achieved a similar overall event-free survival rate (p = 0.16). In our cohort, this short-course approach spared 63% (29/46) of patients with group B retinoblastoma the extra 3 cycles of systemic chemotherapy.