Rooftop Solar Power System for EV Charging Station of Household Customers in Indonesia: A review and an Opportunity for Developing Countries

Abstract

Unlike vehicles powered by internal combustion engines (ICE), electric vehicles (EVs) rely on electricity stored in batteries as their energy source. Its benefits are lower maintenance costs, improved performance, exceptional energy efficiency, and low emissions from renewable energy sources. Research on EV charging has three main areas of focus: charging infrastructure, recommendations for charging stations and charging technology. In contrast to developed countries that have already adopted electric vehicles, developing countries tend to have more significant barriers to massive EV development. This paper reviews the situation of EV deployment in developing countries and Indonesia and the opportunity for solar utilization for charging stations. In addition, regulations regarding the use of rooftop solar PV for charging stations will also be discussed on this occasion, especially in the case of Indonesia. The rooftop PV system can be a solution for future renewable energy supply. Charging stations for household customers are more efficient, making charging easier, saving fuel, and reducing maintenance costs. EV development backed by government regulations will be critical in creating a conducive EV environment to support the net zero emission target.