Floral phenology and pollination biology of Vatica yeechongii (Dipterocarpaceae)

Abstract

The reproductive characteristics of Vatica yeechongii (Dipterocarpaceae), a critically endangered species, were investigated. Vatica yeechongii is a subcanopy dipterocarp species that flowers and fruits annually and some trees are capable of flowering twice a year. The species is outcrossing and self-incompatible. The study showed that apomixis did not occur in V. yeechongii and thus, pollination is required to produce fruits. The creamy white and strongly sweet-scented flower attracted insects and offered pollen as reward. Insects from the family Apidae carried abundant pollen on their hairy abdomen and legs, and were shown to be effective pollinators. Thrips were the most abundant visitors, but they were poor pollen-carriers and probably ineffective as pollinators. Pollen grains of V. yeechongii were viable almost for two days. Information regarding flowering phenology, floral biology and breeding system were used to propose appropriate conservation prescriptions.