Comparison of choroidal thickness in preeclamptic, healthy pregnant, and nonpregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the choroidal thickness (CT) measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in preeclamptic, healthy pregnant, and healthy nonpregnant women. Methods: Studies that focused on the CT evaluation of pregnant women were retrieved by searching PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane, and Web of Science. We used Stata 14.0 SE for the meta-analysis and presented the results as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a corresponding 95% CI. Results: A total of 14 studies with 1,227 participants were included in our meta-analysis. The CT of the healthy pregnancies (μm, WMD = 34.19, 95% CI: 20.63-47.76) was significantly higher than that of the nonpregnancies (Test of WMD = 0: z = 4.94, p = 0.000), but the CT of the preeclampsia (μm, WMD = 54.30, 95% CI: -13.40 to 122.01) was not significantly different from the nonpregnancies (Test of WMD = 0: z = 1.57, p = 0.116). In the preeclampsia versus healthy pregnancy group, 3 studies found that the choroid was thinner with preeclampsia, only one study found the CT increased. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that the CT of the healthy pregnant women was significantly higher than that of the nonpregnant women. The presence of preeclampsia might complicate this situation. Most studies found that the CT decreased in the preeclamptic patients because of the increases in the systemic vasospasm and the blood pressure, which led to no significant difference compared with the nonpregnant women.