Opportunities for Long-Range Magnon-Mediated Entanglement of Spin Qubits via On- And Off-Resonant Coupling

Abstract

The ability to manipulate entanglement between multiple spatially separated qubits is essential for quantum-information processing. Although nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond provide a promising qubit platform, developing scalable two-qubit gates remains a well-known challenge. To this end, magnon-mediated entanglement proposals have attracted attention due to their long-range spin-coherent propagation. Optimal device geometries and gate protocols of such schemes, however, have yet to be determined. Here we predict strong long-distance (>μm) NV-NV coupling via magnon modes with cooperativities exceeding unity in ferromagnetic bar and waveguide structures. Moreover, we explore and compare on-resonant transduction and off-resonant virtual-magnon exchange protocols, and discuss their suitability for generating or manipulating entangled states at low temperatures (T 150mK) under realistic experimental conditions. This work will guide future experiments that aim to entangle spin qubits in solids with magnon excitations.