The concept of 'internal judicial independence' in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights

Abstract

Internal judicial independence as a new element of the case law of the Strasbourg Court on Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights - The Court has only found violations of internal judicial independence in cases against former communist countries - Relevance of the case law for other member states of the Council of Europe - Internal judicial independence as part of the requirement of an impartial tribunal? - Importance of the independence of the individual judge.