An assessment of the luminance and light field characteristics of used direct laryngoscopes

Abstract

Purpose: To determine luminance and light field characteristics and the effect of residual battery potential and luminance on light colour temperature in our used Macintosh 3 and 4 fibre-light (FLB) and bulb-light (BLB) laryngoscopes. Methods: We used a power supply to provide laryngoscopes with potentials equivalent to those most commonly measured in the handles in use in our OR. Measurements were made under controlled, constant, conditions using a Pentax digital spotmeter (luminance) or a Minolta Color III colour temperature meter (light colour). Colour measurements were made while increasing the power source potential from 2-3 volts (v) in increments of 0.1 v. Light field measurements were made with a mm increment ruler mounted on the base of the test fixture. Results: At 2.5 and 2.8 v respectively, the 3 FLB produced luminance values of 23.9 ± 11.4 and 41.7 ± 17.2 cd · m-2 (mean ±SD). and the 4 FLB produced 58.6 ± 21.4 and 90.9 ± 32.2 cd · m-2. Increasing potential increased luminance values (P < 0.001) and the 4 FLB produced higher luminance values (P < 0.001). BLB produced higher luminance values than did FLB across all comparisons (P < 0.001). As potentials and luminance values decreased, light temperature was reduced (P < 0.001). There were no differences in light field dimensions noted in any comparison. Conclusion: Fifteen percent of the BLB did not meet the minimum luminance for laryngoscopy of 100 cd · m-2, 92% of the FLB did not meet that same standard.