TIM, a novel molecular toolbox for the detection and identification of Leishmania species in Morocco

Abstract

This study introduces TIM, a novel molecular diagnostic assay developed to enhance the detection and species identification of Leishmania parasites from clinical samples in Morocco. TIM relies on simple PCR procedures, and it is tailored to the detection of three species that are endemic to the region: L. major , L. tropica , and L. infantum . TIM demonstrated superior sensitivity and improved species-level resolution when compared to the diagnostic methods commonly used in Morocco. Notably, TIM also enables the direct detection of mixed interspecific profiles from cutaneous clinical samples. Thanks to its versatility and simplicity, TIM offers a practical tool to significantly strengthen leishmaniasis surveillance, prevention, and control strategies in Morocco and surrounding regions.