Psychological impact of caregiving: anxiety and depression levels among caregivers of patients with pressure ulcers

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the anxiety and depression levels among caregivers of patients with pressure ulcers and explored associated factors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and August 2024, in Samsun, Turkey. The study population consisted of caregivers of patients with pressure ulcers registered with the Home Care Services of Samsun Training and Research Hospital. Patient data were obtained from medical records, while caregiver characteristics and psychological status were assessed through face-to-face interviews using standardized anxiety and depression scales. Statistical analyses were performed, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The study included 122 patient-caregiver pairs. Patients had a mean age of 76.35 ± 13.50 years, with 66.4% female, while caregivers averaged 53.56 ± 11.82 years, with 82.8% female. Caregivers’ anxiety and depression scores were 12.0 ± 10.6 and 12.6 ± 10.1, respectively. Higher anxiety (p = 0.039) and depression (p = 0.002) were observed in caregivers of patients with advanced-stage pressure ulcers. Greater psychological distress was also noted in caregivers providing more than 12 hours of daily care, delivering continuous care, lacking personal income, or having chronic illness (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with severe pressure ulcers experience significant anxiety and depression, highlighting the need for targeted psychological support. Interventions should prioritize caregivers facing prolonged caregiving demands, chronic illness, or financial hardship to protect their mental well-being.