Hyperinsulinemia/euglycemia and intravenous lipid emulsion therapy for the management of severe amlodipine toxicosis in a cat

Abstract

Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used in people and animals. Overdose can result in cardiovascular collapse and death. Hyperinsulinemia/euglycemia therapy (HIET) and intralipid therapy (ILT) are reported treatment options in people. This is the first report describing HIET and ILT as treatments for amlodipine toxicosis in a cat.