Topographic and refractive findings in osteogenesis imperfecta

Abstract

Aim: To research ocular findings in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Methods: Patients were grouped according to the type of OI. Age and gender data were noted. Refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), and central corneal thickness (CCT) values were measured. Corneal topography images were obtained. Fundus examinations were made in all patients. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spherical equivalent (SE) values were recorded. Data about patients’ scleral color changes were noted. Results: In this study, 30 eyes from 15 patients were examined. Of the 15 patients, 8 had OI Type 1, 5 had OI Type 4, and 2 couldn’t be classified by Sillence’s classification. One of these patients had a FKBP10 and the other a WNT1 mutation. The minimum CCT was 397 μm and maximum was 588 μm. Average CCT was 492±67.49 μm. Corneal apex keratometry (K) and corneal astigmatism values were higher for the OI Type 4 group than Type 1 (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). BCVA values were significantly higher in the OI Type 1 group than the OI Type 4 (p=0.002) Out of 30 eyes, 8 had blue sclera (26.7%). All of the patients with blue sclera had OI Type 1. There was no significant difference in terms of CCT, posterior elevation values, or corneal astigmatism values between patients with and without blue sclera (p>0.05). Corneal apex K value was statistically lower in the patients with blue sclera (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings in patients with OI included thinner CCT, blue sclera, steep K values especially in Type 4 group. So patients should be followed regularly for keratoconus. Because of corneal thinning, physicians must be aware of underestimation of IOP. Patients and their relatives should be advised to use protective glasses for probable trauma.