ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR ACCESSIBLE TEACHING. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing multiple sectors, including education, by providing new technological tools that address complex challenges, particularly in the field of inclusive education. Through these advancements, innovative approaches have been developed to enhance access, equity, and the quality of education for students with special educational needs. In this regard, AI emerges as a promising solution to address the diversity of students, facilitating personalized learning, accessibility, and improved academic performance. The main objective of this study is to identify the currently available AI tools that contribute to creating inclusive educational practices. To achieve this purpose, a systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted to analyze the impact of these technologies on key dimensions: accessibility, personalization of the teaching-learning process, student participation, and autonomy within inclusive educational environments. This approach aims to determine how these technological tools have influenced the creation of a more accessible and equitable educational environment for students with special needs. The search was conducted across four major databases: (1) Scopus, (2) ERIC, (3) Dialnet, and (4) Web of Science. A total of 456 references were retrieved from which 46 articles were selected for in-depth analysis after applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicate significant variability in the availability of studies related to the use of AI in inclusive education. The analysis of the selected documents was carried out using the Rayyan QCRI software, which facilitated the identification and organization of the most relevant data. Subsequently, a protocol for systematic data extraction was designed, enabling a rigorous analysis of the results of each selected article.The findings of the review highlight the growing importance of these technologies in creating more accessible and equitable educational environments, providing benefits at both the pedagogical level and in improving the academic performance of students with special needs. Furthermore, the study identifies a need for continued research and development of AI tools to address the challenges present in inclusive education, with the aim of enhancing the participation and academic success of all students.Based on the findings from the systematic review, a proposal for AI-based technological tools was developed to support teachers in creating more inclusive educational environments. These tools promote greater autonomy and participation in the classroom, ensuring that all students have the right to quality education. Among the proposed solutions, adaptive learning platforms, virtual assistants, and inclusive assessment systems stand out, as they can be integrated into daily pedagogical practice. These tools offer educators enhanced capabilities to address the individual needs of students and foster their academic achievement.